A polinização mecânica é uma prática usada para aumentar a produtividade no cultivo de tomate, porém ainda há pouca informação que sustente sua viabilidade agronômica nos sistemas de produção em diferentes épocas do ano. Nesse sentido, o objetivo deste trabalho, foi estudar os efeitos da polinização mecânica em duas épocas de plantio na produtividade de tomates de três grupos varietais comerciais destinados ao consumo fresco. O experimento foi conduzido em campo, na Unidade de Pesquisa e Extensão de Hortaliças do Departamento de Fitotecnia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos completamente aleatórios, em esquema fatorial 2 (épocas de plantio) x 2 (polinização natural e polinização mecânica). Os ensaios foram realizados em outono/inverno e verão/outono e cada grupo varietal foi avaliado separadamente. Foram avaliadas variáveis referentes a: produtividade, número de sementes e massa seca de sementes. Os resultados indicam que a polinização mecânica pode melhorar a produtividade do tomateiro, no entanto, pode variar dependendo da variedade e das épocas do ano. Foi evidenciado um aumento na produtividade com o uso da polinização mecânica nas duas épocas de plantio para os grupos varietais Salada e Italiano, enquanto no grupo Santa Cruz apenas verificou-se esse aumentou na época de outono/inverno. A polinização mecânica não teve efeito sobre o aumento da massa de sementes e só aumentou o número de sementes no grupo Salada.

Mechanical pollination is a practice used to increase productivity in tomato cultivation, but there is still little information to support its agronomic viability in production systems at different times of the year. In this sense, the objective of this work was to study the effects of mechanical pollination in two planting seasons on tomato yield of three commercial varietal groups destined to fresh consumption. The experiment was carried out at the experimental field from the Vegetation Research and Extension Unit of the Plant Science Department of the Federal University of Viçosa. The experimental design was completely randomized blocks, in a factorial scheme 2 (planting times) x 2 (natural pollination and mechanical pollination). Trials were performed in autumn / winter and summer / autumn and each varietal group was evaluated separately. Variables related to: productivity, number of seeds and dry mass of seeds were evaluated. Results show that mechanical pollination can improve tomato yield; however, it may vary depending on the variety and the seasons of the year. It was evidenced an increase in productivity with the use of mechanical pollination in the two planting seasons for the varietal groups Salada and Italiano, whereas in the Santa Cruz group it was only observed that it increased in the autumn / winter season. Mechanical pollination had no effect on the increase of seed mass and only increased the number of seeds in the Salada group

Record of the entry of pine wood in Argentina from historical buildings. The objective of this work is to analyze under what period was introduced pine wood from historical buildings in Argentina. The work is based on characterizing and determining wooden pieces of historical constructions. Were analyzed woods belonging to: The Pioneers Museum (Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz), Church of Our Lady of the Rosary (Salsipuedes, Córdoba) and Céspedes Tower (Jesus María, Córdoba). Ten samples were analyzed corresponding to wooden roof structures. Terminology of the Nomenclature Committee of IAWA for characterization of wood was followed. The timber identification keys that were used are: Jacquiot; Clement, Greguss and García Esteban et al. Pinus woods were used in the three analyzed buildings. These buildings date from the late nineteenth century and certified the importation of gymnosperm wood, from the middle of this century. These references allow discerning the constructive habits. From these studies, we can infer changes in the use of wood in the country and opening up to European and American markets.

Es objetivo del trabajo analizar, a partir de construcciones históricas, en qué periodo fue introducida la madera de pino en Argentina. El trabajo se basa en caracterizar y determinar piezas de madera de construcciones históricas. Se estudiaron muestras de maderas pertenecientes a: Museo de Los Pioneros (Río Gallegos, Santa Cruz); Iglesia Nuestra Señora del Rosario (Salsipuedes, Córdoba) y Torre de Céspedes (Jesús María, Córdoba). Fueron analizadas diez muestras de madera correspondientes a las estructuras del techo. Se siguió la terminología del Comité de Nomenclatura de IAWA para la caracterización de la madera. Se utilizaron las Claves de identificación de madera de los siguientes autores: Jacquiot; Clement, Greguss y García Esteban et al. Se observó que en los tres edificios históricos fue empleada madera de diferentes especies de pino. Las construcciones datan de fines del siglo XIX y certifican la importación de madera de gimnospermas, a partir de mediados de dicho siglo. Estas referencias permiten discernir sobre las costumbres constructivas. A partir de estos estudios, se pueden inferir los cambios en el empleo de la madera en el país y la apertura a los mercados europeos y americanos.

The aim ofthis study was to compare the behavior ofresidual Zn from three natural chelates (Zn-aminolignosulfonate [Zn-AML],Zn-polyhydroxyphenylcarboxylate [Zn-PHP] and Zn-ethylenediamine disuccinate [Zn-EDDS]) applied at different rates (0, 5 and 10 mg Zn/kg soil) to a flax crop grown during the previous year. This incubation experiment was carried out over 75 days under two different moisture conditions (60% field capacity and waterlogged) in two different soils (acidic [Soil acid]and calcareous [Soil calc]). The potential available Zn concentration and short-term available Zn were estimated under both moisture conditions using the diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid -triethanolamine (DTPA-TEA) and low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) methods, respectively. Water-soluble Zn was estimated in both soils under 60% field capacity conditions. Immediately available Zn (the Zn concentration in the soil solution) was estimated under waterlogged conditions. The pH and Eh were also determined in both soils. Incubation of both soils under both moisture conditions led to decreases in the potential available Zn and short-term available Zn concentrations. Water-soluble Zn concentrations in soils under 60% field conditions, immediately available Zn in soils and the Eh parameter under waterlogged conditions also decreased with time. The residual effect of Zn-AML applied at a rate of 10 mg Zn/kg in Soil acid produced the highest available and short-term Zn concentrations, and the residual effect of Zn-EDDS produced the highest short-term Zn concentration in Soil calc.

Objectives: to evaluate the effectiveness of a fast track diagnosis and treatment program for colorectal cancer (CRC) in reducing the diagnosis to treatment interval (DTI) and tumor stage. To analyze the association between DTI and tumor stage. Methods: a quasi-experimental study with a control group was conducted, and 156 incident cases of CRC referred through a preferential pathway between July 2005 and December 2008 in a tertiary hospital were included, after excluding those treated urgently, treated by endoscopic polypectomy only or having periodic colonoscopies. A control group of 156 patients was randomly selected from all the patients referred through habitual pathways, frequency matched by tumor location, age and year of entry. Data was analyzed with multivariate linear and logistic regression. Results: mean DTI was 39.20 days (95% CI: 36.21-42.42) for fast track patients and 63.40 days (95% CI: 57.08-70.41) for controls (p < 0.001), and this difference persisted after multivariate analysis. The odds of having a DTI longer than 30 days was 4.79 (95% CI: 2.19-10.51) higher for controls. There were no significant differences in tumor stage according to the pathway followed. Independently of the track followed, a DTI longer than 30 days was associated with advanced tumor stages for colon cancer, while it was associated with low stages for rectal cancer. Conclusions: the PDTR strategy is effective in reducing DTI and may reduce patients' and relatives' anxiety. However, it is far from reaching the DTI recommended. The achieved reduction of the delay has no impact on tumor stage.

Objetivos: evaluar la efectividad de un programa de diagnóstico y tratamiento rápido (PDTR) del cáncer colorrectal (CCR) en la reducción del intervalo diagnóstico-terapéutico (IDT) y el estadio tumoral. Analizar la asociación entre IDT y estadio tumoral. Métodos: estudio cuasiexperimental con grupo control en el que se incluyeron 156 casos incidentes de CCR atendidos por el PDTR entre julio de 2005 y diciembre de 2008 en un hospital de tercer nivel, tras excluir los que requirieron tratamiento urgente, tratados solo por polipectomía endoscópica o con colonoscopías periódicas. Un grupo control de 156 pacientes fue seleccionado al azar de los atendidos por el circuito habitual con la misma localización tumoral, edad y año de ingreso. Para el análisis se utilizó regresión lineal y logística. Resultados: la media del IDT fue de 39,20 días (IC 95%: 36,21-42,42) en los pacientes del programa y de 63,40 días (IC 95%: 57,08-70,41) en el grupo control (p < 0,001); esta diferencia se mantuvo en el análisis multivariado. La probabilidad de un IDT mayor de 30 días fue 4,79 (IC 95%: 2,19-10,51) veces superior en los controles. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el estadio tumoral según el circuito asistencial. Independientemente del circuito, un IDT > 30 días se asoció con un estadio tumoral avanzado en los tumores de colon, mientras que en los de recto se asoció con estadios precoces. Conclusiones: el PDTR es efectivo reduciendo los tiempos asistenciales y con ello seguramente reduce la angustia de pacientes y familiares. No obstante, está lejos de alcanzar el IDT recomendado. La reducción de la demora conseguida no tiene impacto en el estadio tumoral.

We study the electronic properties (density of states, conductivity and thermopower) of some nearly-freeelectron systems: the liquid alkali metals and two liquid alloys, Li-Na and Na-K. The study has been performed within the self-consistent second order Renormalized Propagator Perturbation Expansion (RPE) for the self-energy. The input ionic pseudopotentials and static correlation functions are derived from the neutral pseudoatom method and the modified hypernetted chain theory of liquids, respectively. Reasonable agreement with experiment is found for Na, K, Rb and Na-K, whereas for Li and Cs and Li-Na the agreement is less satisfactory.